Using action research in a residential care home for older people: Lessons learnt - Strengths and pitfalls

Abstract

The strength of using action research methodology rests in its potential to enable the researcher and participants to obtain systematic understanding of a setting in which a study is undertaken. As participants become co-researchers, a process of working together in partnership with the researcher becomes the ultimate goal. Together they explore, collectively self-reflect and adopt a more critical and creative stance to improve practice (Kemmis & McTaggart, 1988). Set in the context of Hong Kong, an action research study to explore the quality of life of older people in a subsidised residential care home was conducted. A triangulation of data collection methods was used: namely, participant observation, field notes, and semi-structured resident and staff interviews. Participants were encouraged to identify quality aspects and practices of the home that were important to them. Through a period pf working in partnership with staff in groups, a programme for change initiatives was developed. Features of the physical setting and staff practices that require improvement were selected and addressed. Improved changes to the home were brought about by negotiating, planning workshops and conducting informal discussion groups with staff of all grades. Drawing upon the 12 months of data collected from 40 residents and 37 social care, nursing and care staff, this presentation will review on the strengths and pitfalls of undertaking an action research study in a large and hierarchical residential care home context. The impact of bringing about change to the care home and effects upon staff and residents will also be highlighted.